Choi Yong-kun
Choi Yong-kun (최용건, June 21, 1900 - September 19, 1976) was the Korean People's Army chief commander from 1948 to 1953 North Korean defence minister from 1953 to 1957, and the President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea from 1957 to 1972.
Choi Yong-kun was born in T'aech'ŏn County (태천군, 泰川郡) in North Pyongan, Korea, in 1900. After having attended two military academies, he fought in the Chinese Northern Expedition of 1927 and took part in the Canton Communist riots in December later that year. He led a guerrilla unit against the Japanese after they occupied Manchuria in September 1931.
In August 1936, Choi became an officer in the Korean People's Revolutionary Army. In 1946, he became the chairman of the Korean Democratic Party and led this organization to a pro-communist course. Afterwards, he came into more promotions and by February 1948, he was appointed the commander-in-chief for all the armies of the Democratic Republic of Korea. He was in fact the senior field commander for all the North Korean armies during the Korean War, from the first invasion of South Korea in June 1950 till the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed in July 1953.
After the Korean War ended, Choi was promoted to Vice Marshal and was made the Minister of Defence. In 1957, he was made the President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly. In this post, he was North Korea's nominal head of state. He retired in 1972 and died in Pyongyang in 1976.
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Kim Il-sung has been Eternal President since his death. The post of President was vacant from his death until the 1998 Constitution entered into force, after which the Chairman of the Presidium became de facto ceremonial head of state, as in 1948–72.
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